Fix timeout implementation and address review feedback

- Kill git process on timeout: use child_process.spawn directly for
  timeout-eligible operations so we have a ChildProcess handle to send
  SIGTERM (then SIGKILL after 5s). On Windows, SIGTERM is a forced kill
  so the SIGKILL fallback is effectively a no-op there.

- Fix timeout:0 not working: replace falsy || coalescion with explicit
  empty-string check so that '0' is not replaced by the default '300'.

- Refactor execGit to use an options object instead of 5 positional
  parameters, eliminating error-prone filler args (false, false, {}).

- Pass allowAllExitCodes through to execGitWithTimeout so both code
  paths have consistent behavior for non-zero exit codes.

- Add settled guard to prevent double-reject when both close and error
  events fire on the spawned process.

- Handle null exit code (process killed by signal) as an error rather
  than silently treating it as success.

- Capture stderr in error messages for the timeout path, matching the
  information level of the non-timeout exec path.

- Log SIGKILL failures at debug level instead of empty catch block.

- Warn on customListeners being ignored in the timeout path.

- Emit core.warning() when invalid input values are silently replaced
  with defaults, so users know their configuration was rejected.

- Add input validation in setTimeout (reject negative values).

- Clarify retry-max-attempts semantics: total attempts including the
  initial attempt (3 = 1 initial + 2 retries).

- Remove Kubernetes probe references from descriptions.

- Use non-exhaustive list (e.g.) for network operations in docs to
  avoid staleness if new operations are added.

- Add tests for timeout/retry input parsing (defaults, timeout:0,
  custom values, invalid input with warnings, backoff clamping) and
  command manager configuration (setTimeout, setRetryConfig, fetch).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

README.md

@@ -155,20 +155,20 @@ Please refer to the [release page](https://github.com/actions/checkout/releases/
     # Default: true
     set-safe-directory: ''
 
-    # Timeout in seconds for each git network operation attempt (fetch, lfs-fetch,
+    # Timeout in seconds for each git network operation attempt (e.g. fetch,
-    # ls-remote). If a single attempt exceeds this, it is killed and retried. Set to 0
+    # lfs-fetch, ls-remote). If a single attempt exceeds this, the process is
-    # to disable. Default is 300 (5 minutes). Similar to Kubernetes probe
+    # terminated. If retries are configured (see retry-max-attempts), the operation
-    # timeoutSeconds.
+    # will be retried. Set to 0 to disable. Default is 300 (5 minutes).
     # Default: 300
     timeout: ''
 
-    # Maximum number of retry attempts for failed git network operations. Similar to
+    # Total number of attempts for each git network operation (including the initial
-    # Kubernetes probe failureThreshold.
+    # attempt). For example, 3 means one initial attempt plus up to 2 retries.
     # Default: 3
     retry-max-attempts: ''
 
     # Minimum backoff time in seconds between retry attempts. The actual backoff is
-    # randomly chosen between min and max. Similar to Kubernetes probe periodSeconds.
+    # randomly chosen between min and max.
     # Default: 10
     retry-min-backoff: ''
 

__test__/git-command-manager.test.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,17 @@ import * as commandManager from '../lib/git-command-manager'
 let git: commandManager.IGitCommandManager
 let mockExec = jest.fn()
 
+function createMockGit(): Promise<commandManager.IGitCommandManager> {
+  mockExec.mockImplementation((path, args, options) => {
+    if (args.includes('version')) {
+      options.listeners.stdout(Buffer.from('2.18'))
+    }
+    return 0
+  })
+  jest.spyOn(exec, 'exec').mockImplementation(mockExec)
+  return commandManager.createCommandManager('test', false, false)
+}
+
 describe('git-auth-helper tests', () => {
   beforeAll(async () => {})
 
@@ -494,3 +505,41 @@ describe('git user-agent with orchestration ID', () => {
     )
   })
 })
+
+describe('timeout and retry configuration', () => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(fshelper, 'fileExistsSync').mockImplementation(jest.fn())
+    jest.spyOn(fshelper, 'directoryExistsSync').mockImplementation(jest.fn())
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.restoreAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  it('setTimeout converts seconds to milliseconds', async () => {
+    git = await createMockGit()
+    // Should not throw
+    git.setTimeout(30)
+    git.setTimeout(0)
+  })
+
+  it('setRetryConfig accepts valid parameters', async () => {
+    git = await createMockGit()
+    // Should not throw
+    git.setRetryConfig(5, 2, 15)
+  })
+
+  it('fetch without timeout uses exec', async () => {
+    git = await createMockGit()
+    // timeout defaults to 0 (disabled)
+
+    mockExec.mockClear()
+    await git.fetch(['refs/heads/main'], {})
+
+    // exec.exec is used (via retryHelper) when no timeout
+    const fetchCalls = mockExec.mock.calls.filter(
+      (call: any[]) => (call[1] as string[]).includes('fetch')
+    )
+    expect(fetchCalls.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  })
+})

__test__/input-helper.test.ts

@@ -144,4 +144,55 @@ describe('input-helper tests', () => {
     const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
     expect(settings.workflowOrganizationId).toBe(123456)
   })
+
+  it('sets timeout and retry defaults', async () => {
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.timeout).toBe(300)
+    expect(settings.retryMaxAttempts).toBe(3)
+    expect(settings.retryMinBackoff).toBe(10)
+    expect(settings.retryMaxBackoff).toBe(20)
+  })
+
+  it('allows timeout 0 to disable', async () => {
+    inputs.timeout = '0'
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.timeout).toBe(0)
+  })
+
+  it('parses custom timeout and retry values', async () => {
+    inputs.timeout = '30'
+    inputs['retry-max-attempts'] = '5'
+    inputs['retry-min-backoff'] = '2'
+    inputs['retry-max-backoff'] = '15'
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.timeout).toBe(30)
+    expect(settings.retryMaxAttempts).toBe(5)
+    expect(settings.retryMinBackoff).toBe(2)
+    expect(settings.retryMaxBackoff).toBe(15)
+  })
+
+  it('clamps retry-max-backoff to min when less than min', async () => {
+    inputs['retry-min-backoff'] = '20'
+    inputs['retry-max-backoff'] = '5'
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.retryMaxBackoff).toBe(20)
+  })
+
+  it('defaults invalid timeout to 300 and warns', async () => {
+    inputs.timeout = 'garbage'
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.timeout).toBe(300)
+    expect(core.warning).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining("Invalid value 'garbage' for 'timeout'")
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('defaults negative retry-max-attempts to 3 and warns', async () => {
+    inputs['retry-max-attempts'] = '-1'
+    const settings: IGitSourceSettings = await inputHelper.getInputs()
+    expect(settings.retryMaxAttempts).toBe(3)
+    expect(core.warning).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining("Invalid value '-1' for 'retry-max-attempts'")
+    )
+  })
 })

action.yml

@@ -97,21 +97,20 @@ inputs:
     default: true
   timeout:
     description: >
-      Timeout in seconds for each git network operation attempt (fetch, lfs-fetch, ls-remote).
+      Timeout in seconds for each git network operation attempt (e.g. fetch, lfs-fetch, ls-remote).
-      If a single attempt exceeds this, it is killed and retried.
+      If a single attempt exceeds this, the process is terminated.
+      If retries are configured (see retry-max-attempts), the operation will be retried.
       Set to 0 to disable. Default is 300 (5 minutes).
-      Similar to Kubernetes probe timeoutSeconds.
     default: 300
   retry-max-attempts:
     description: >
-      Maximum number of retry attempts for failed git network operations.
+      Total number of attempts for each git network operation (including the initial attempt).
-      Similar to Kubernetes probe failureThreshold.
+      For example, 3 means one initial attempt plus up to 2 retries.
     default: 3
   retry-min-backoff:
     description: >
       Minimum backoff time in seconds between retry attempts.
       The actual backoff is randomly chosen between min and max.
-      Similar to Kubernetes probe periodSeconds.
     default: 10
   retry-max-backoff:
     description: >

dist/index.js

@@ -655,6 +655,7 @@ const io = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(7436));
 const path = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(1017));
 const regexpHelper = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(3120));
 const retryHelper = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(2155));
+const child_process_1 = __nccwpck_require__(2081);
 const git_version_1 = __nccwpck_require__(3142);
 // Auth header not supported before 2.9
 // Wire protocol v2 not supported before 2.18
@@ -737,7 +738,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 }
             };
             // Suppress the output in order to avoid flooding annotations with innocuous errors.
-            yield this.execGit(args, false, true, listeners);
+            yield this.execGit(args, { silent: true, customListeners: listeners });
             core.debug(`stderr callback is: ${stderr}`);
             core.debug(`errline callback is: ${errline}`);
             core.debug(`stdout callback is: ${stdout}`);
@@ -825,7 +826,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 '--name-only',
                 '--get-regexp',
                 pattern
-            ], true);
+            ], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
@@ -854,7 +855,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
             }
             const that = this;
             yield this.networkRetryHelper.execute(() => __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-                yield that.execGit(args, false, false, {}, that.timeoutMs);
+                yield that.execGit(args, { timeoutMs: that.timeoutMs });
             }));
         });
     }
@@ -869,7 +870,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                     '--symref',
                     repositoryUrl,
                     'HEAD'
-                ], false, false, {}, this.timeoutMs);
+                ], { timeoutMs: this.timeoutMs });
             }));
             if (output) {
                 // Satisfy compiler, will always be set
@@ -906,7 +907,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     isDetached() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
             // Note, "branch --show-current" would be simpler but isn't available until Git 2.22
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['rev-parse', '--symbolic-full-name', '--verify', '--quiet', 'HEAD'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['rev-parse', '--symbolic-full-name', '--verify', '--quiet', 'HEAD'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return !output.stdout.trim().startsWith('refs/heads/');
         });
     }
@@ -915,7 +916,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
             const args = ['lfs', 'fetch', 'origin', ref];
             const that = this;
             yield this.networkRetryHelper.execute(() => __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-                yield that.execGit(args, false, false, {}, that.timeoutMs);
+                yield that.execGit(args, { timeoutMs: that.timeoutMs });
             }));
         });
     }
@@ -927,8 +928,8 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     log1(format) {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
             const args = format ? ['log', '-1', format] : ['log', '-1'];
-            const silent = format ? false : true;
+            const silent = !format;
-            const output = yield this.execGit(args, false, silent);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(args, { silent });
             return output.stdout;
         });
     }
@@ -958,7 +959,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     shaExists(sha) {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
             const args = ['rev-parse', '--verify', '--quiet', `${sha}^{object}`];
-            const output = yield this.execGit(args, true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(args, { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
@@ -997,7 +998,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     submoduleStatus() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['submodule', 'status'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['submodule', 'status'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             core.debug(output.stdout);
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
@@ -1010,7 +1011,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     tryClean() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['clean', '-ffdx'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['clean', '-ffdx'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
@@ -1021,7 +1022,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 globalConfig ? '--global' : '--local',
                 '--unset-all',
                 configKey
-            ], true);
+            ], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
@@ -1035,19 +1036,19 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 args.push(globalConfig ? '--global' : '--local');
             }
             args.push('--unset', configKey, configValue);
-            const output = yield this.execGit(args, true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(args, { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
     tryDisableAutomaticGarbageCollection() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['config', '--local', 'gc.auto', '0'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['config', '--local', 'gc.auto', '0'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
     tryGetFetchUrl() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['config', '--local', '--get', 'remote.origin.url'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['config', '--local', '--get', 'remote.origin.url'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
                 return '';
             }
@@ -1068,7 +1069,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 args.push(globalConfig ? '--global' : '--local');
             }
             args.push('--get-all', configKey);
-            const output = yield this.execGit(args, true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(args, { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
                 return [];
             }
@@ -1088,7 +1089,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
                 args.push(globalConfig ? '--global' : '--local');
             }
             args.push('--name-only', '--get-regexp', pattern);
-            const output = yield this.execGit(args, true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(args, { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
                 return [];
             }
@@ -1100,7 +1101,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     tryReset() {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            const output = yield this.execGit(['reset', '--hard', 'HEAD'], true);
+            const output = yield this.execGit(['reset', '--hard', 'HEAD'], { allowAllExitCodes: true });
             return output.exitCode === 0;
         });
     }
@@ -1109,9 +1110,22 @@ class GitCommandManager {
             return this.gitVersion;
         });
     }
+    /**
+     * Sets the timeout for network git operations.
+     * @param timeoutSeconds Timeout in seconds. 0 disables the timeout.
+     */
     setTimeout(timeoutSeconds) {
+        if (timeoutSeconds < 0) {
+            throw new Error(`Timeout must be non-negative, got ${timeoutSeconds}`);
+        }
         this.timeoutMs = timeoutSeconds * 1000;
     }
+    /**
+     * Configures retry behavior for network git operations.
+     * @param maxAttempts Total attempts including the initial one. Must be >= 1.
+     * @param minBackoffSeconds Minimum backoff between retries. Must be <= maxBackoffSeconds.
+     * @param maxBackoffSeconds Maximum backoff between retries.
+     */
     setRetryConfig(maxAttempts, minBackoffSeconds, maxBackoffSeconds) {
         this.networkRetryHelper = new retryHelper.RetryHelper(maxAttempts, minBackoffSeconds, maxBackoffSeconds);
     }
@@ -1123,8 +1137,19 @@ class GitCommandManager {
         });
     }
     execGit(args_1) {
-        return __awaiter(this, arguments, void 0, function* (args, allowAllExitCodes = false, silent = false, customListeners = {}, timeoutMs = 0) {
+        return __awaiter(this, arguments, void 0, function* (args, options = {}) {
+            const { allowAllExitCodes = false, silent = false, customListeners = {}, timeoutMs = 0 } = options;
             fshelper.directoryExistsSync(this.workingDirectory, true);
+            // Use child_process.spawn directly when timeout is set,
+            // so we can kill the process on timeout and avoid orphaned git processes.
+            // Note: customListeners are not supported in the timeout path.
+            if (timeoutMs > 0) {
+                if (customListeners &&
+                    Object.keys(customListeners).length > 0) {
+                    core.debug('customListeners are not supported with timeoutMs and will be ignored');
+                }
+                return yield this.execGitWithTimeout(args, timeoutMs, silent, allowAllExitCodes);
+            }
             const result = new GitOutput();
             const env = {};
             for (const key of Object.keys(process.env)) {
@@ -1140,37 +1165,120 @@ class GitCommandManager {
             };
             const mergedListeners = Object.assign(Object.assign({}, defaultListener), customListeners);
             const stdout = [];
-            const options = {
+            const execOptions = {
                 cwd: this.workingDirectory,
                 env,
                 silent,
                 ignoreReturnCode: allowAllExitCodes,
                 listeners: mergedListeners
             };
-            const execPromise = exec.exec(`"${this.gitPath}"`, args, options);
+            result.exitCode = yield exec.exec(`"${this.gitPath}"`, args, execOptions);
-            if (timeoutMs > 0) {
-                let timer;
-                const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
-                    timer = global.setTimeout(() => {
-                        reject(new Error(`Git operation timed out after ${timeoutMs / 1000} seconds: git ${args.slice(0, 3).join(' ')}...`));
-                    }, timeoutMs);
-                });
-                try {
-                    result.exitCode = yield Promise.race([execPromise, timeoutPromise]);
-                }
-                finally {
-                    clearTimeout(timer);
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                result.exitCode = yield execPromise;
-            }
             result.stdout = stdout.join('');
             core.debug(result.exitCode.toString());
             core.debug(result.stdout);
             return result;
         });
     }
+    /**
+     * Executes a git command with a timeout. Uses child_process.spawn directly
+     * (instead of @actions/exec) so we can kill the process on timeout and
+     * terminate it cleanly. Does not support customListeners.
+     */
+    execGitWithTimeout(args, timeoutMs, silent, allowAllExitCodes) {
+        return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
+            const result = new GitOutput();
+            const env = {};
+            for (const key of Object.keys(process.env)) {
+                env[key] = process.env[key];
+            }
+            for (const key of Object.keys(this.gitEnv)) {
+                env[key] = this.gitEnv[key];
+            }
+            const stdout = [];
+            const stderr = [];
+            return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+                var _a;
+                const child = (0, child_process_1.spawn)(this.gitPath, args, {
+                    cwd: this.workingDirectory,
+                    env,
+                    stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe']
+                });
+                (_a = child.stdout) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.on('data', (data) => {
+                    stdout.push(data.toString());
+                });
+                if (child.stderr) {
+                    child.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
+                        stderr.push(data.toString());
+                        if (!silent) {
+                            process.stderr.write(data);
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+                let settled = false;
+                let timedOut = false;
+                let forceKillTimer;
+                const cleanup = () => {
+                    clearTimeout(timer);
+                    if (forceKillTimer) {
+                        clearTimeout(forceKillTimer);
+                    }
+                };
+                const timer = global.setTimeout(() => {
+                    timedOut = true;
+                    // SIGTERM first, then force SIGKILL after 5 seconds.
+                    // On Windows, SIGTERM is equivalent to a forced kill, so
+                    // the SIGKILL fallback is effectively a no-op there.
+                    child.kill('SIGTERM');
+                    forceKillTimer = global.setTimeout(() => {
+                        try {
+                            child.kill('SIGKILL');
+                        }
+                        catch (killErr) {
+                            core.debug(`Failed to SIGKILL git process: ${killErr}`);
+                        }
+                    }, 5000);
+                    if (forceKillTimer.unref) {
+                        forceKillTimer.unref();
+                    }
+                }, timeoutMs);
+                child.on('close', (code) => {
+                    if (settled)
+                        return;
+                    settled = true;
+                    cleanup();
+                    if (timedOut) {
+                        reject(new Error(`Git operation timed out after ${timeoutMs / 1000} seconds: git ${args.slice(0, 3).join(' ')}...`));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    // null code means killed by signal (e.g. OOM killer, external SIGTERM)
+                    if (code === null) {
+                        const stderrText = stderr.join('').trim();
+                        reject(new Error(`The process 'git' was killed by a signal` +
+                            (stderrText ? `\n${stderrText}` : '')));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (code !== 0 && !allowAllExitCodes) {
+                        const stderrText = stderr.join('').trim();
+                        reject(new Error(`The process 'git' failed with exit code ${code}` +
+                            (stderrText ? `\n${stderrText}` : '')));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    result.exitCode = code;
+                    result.stdout = stdout.join('');
+                    core.debug(result.exitCode.toString());
+                    core.debug(result.stdout);
+                    resolve(result);
+                });
+                child.on('error', (err) => {
+                    if (settled)
+                        return;
+                    settled = true;
+                    cleanup();
+                    reject(err);
+                });
+            });
+        });
+    }
     initializeCommandManager(workingDirectory, lfs, doSparseCheckout) {
         return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
             this.workingDirectory = workingDirectory;
@@ -2124,26 +2232,34 @@ function getInputs() {
         // Determine the GitHub URL that the repository is being hosted from
         result.githubServerUrl = core.getInput('github-server-url');
         core.debug(`GitHub Host URL = ${result.githubServerUrl}`);
-        // Timeout (per-attempt, like k8s timeoutSeconds)
+        // Timeout per network operation attempt
-        result.timeout = Math.floor(Number(core.getInput('timeout') || '300'));
+        const timeoutInput = core.getInput('timeout');
+        result.timeout = Math.floor(Number(timeoutInput !== '' ? timeoutInput : '300'));
         if (isNaN(result.timeout) || result.timeout < 0) {
+            core.warning(`Invalid value '${timeoutInput}' for 'timeout' input. Using default: 300 seconds.`);
             result.timeout = 300;
         }
         core.debug(`timeout = ${result.timeout}`);
-        // Retry max attempts (like k8s failureThreshold)
+        // Retry max attempts (total attempts including initial)
-        result.retryMaxAttempts = Math.floor(Number(core.getInput('retry-max-attempts') || '3'));
+        const retryMaxAttemptsInput = core.getInput('retry-max-attempts');
+        result.retryMaxAttempts = Math.floor(Number(retryMaxAttemptsInput !== '' ? retryMaxAttemptsInput : '3'));
         if (isNaN(result.retryMaxAttempts) || result.retryMaxAttempts < 1) {
+            core.warning(`Invalid value '${retryMaxAttemptsInput}' for 'retry-max-attempts' input. Using default: 3.`);
             result.retryMaxAttempts = 3;
         }
         core.debug(`retry max attempts = ${result.retryMaxAttempts}`);
-        // Retry backoff (like k8s periodSeconds, but as a min/max range)
+        // Retry backoff range
-        result.retryMinBackoff = Math.floor(Number(core.getInput('retry-min-backoff') || '10'));
+        const retryMinBackoffInput = core.getInput('retry-min-backoff');
+        result.retryMinBackoff = Math.floor(Number(retryMinBackoffInput !== '' ? retryMinBackoffInput : '10'));
         if (isNaN(result.retryMinBackoff) || result.retryMinBackoff < 0) {
+            core.warning(`Invalid value '${retryMinBackoffInput}' for 'retry-min-backoff' input. Using default: 10 seconds.`);
             result.retryMinBackoff = 10;
         }
         core.debug(`retry min backoff = ${result.retryMinBackoff}`);
-        result.retryMaxBackoff = Math.floor(Number(core.getInput('retry-max-backoff') || '20'));
+        const retryMaxBackoffInput = core.getInput('retry-max-backoff');
+        result.retryMaxBackoff = Math.floor(Number(retryMaxBackoffInput !== '' ? retryMaxBackoffInput : '20'));
         if (isNaN(result.retryMaxBackoff) || result.retryMaxBackoff < 0) {
+            core.warning(`Invalid value '${retryMaxBackoffInput}' for 'retry-max-backoff' input. Using default: 20 seconds.`);
             result.retryMaxBackoff = 20;
         }
         if (result.retryMaxBackoff < result.retryMinBackoff) {

src/git-command-manager.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import * as path from 'path'
 import * as refHelper from './ref-helper'
 import * as regexpHelper from './regexp-helper'
 import * as retryHelper from './retry-helper'
+import {spawn} from 'child_process'
 import {GitVersion} from './git-version'
 
 // Auth header not supported before 2.9
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
 
     // Suppress the output in order to avoid flooding annotations with innocuous errors.
-    await this.execGit(args, false, true, listeners)
+    await this.execGit(args, {silent: true, customListeners: listeners})
 
     core.debug(`stderr callback is: ${stderr}`)
     core.debug(`errline callback is: ${errline}`)
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
         '--get-regexp',
         pattern
       ],
-      true
+      {allowAllExitCodes: true}
     )
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
 
     const that = this
     await this.networkRetryHelper.execute(async () => {
-      await that.execGit(args, false, false, {}, that.timeoutMs)
+      await that.execGit(args, {timeoutMs: that.timeoutMs})
     })
   }
 
@@ -337,10 +338,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
           repositoryUrl,
           'HEAD'
         ],
-        false,
+        {timeoutMs: this.timeoutMs}
-        false,
-        {},
-        this.timeoutMs
       )
     })
 
@@ -386,7 +384,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     // Note, "branch --show-current" would be simpler but isn't available until Git 2.22
     const output = await this.execGit(
       ['rev-parse', '--symbolic-full-name', '--verify', '--quiet', 'HEAD'],
-      true
+      {allowAllExitCodes: true}
     )
     return !output.stdout.trim().startsWith('refs/heads/')
   }
@@ -396,7 +394,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
 
     const that = this
     await this.networkRetryHelper.execute(async () => {
-      await that.execGit(args, false, false, {}, that.timeoutMs)
+      await that.execGit(args, {timeoutMs: that.timeoutMs})
     })
   }
 
@@ -406,8 +404,8 @@ class GitCommandManager {
 
   async log1(format?: string): Promise<string> {
     const args = format ? ['log', '-1', format] : ['log', '-1']
-    const silent = format ? false : true
+    const silent = !format
-    const output = await this.execGit(args, false, silent)
+    const output = await this.execGit(args, {silent})
     return output.stdout
   }
 
@@ -436,7 +434,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
 
   async shaExists(sha: string): Promise<boolean> {
     const args = ['rev-parse', '--verify', '--quiet', `${sha}^{object}`]
-    const output = await this.execGit(args, true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(args, {allowAllExitCodes: true})
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
 
@@ -475,7 +473,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
   }
 
   async submoduleStatus(): Promise<boolean> {
-    const output = await this.execGit(['submodule', 'status'], true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(['submodule', 'status'], {allowAllExitCodes: true})
     core.debug(output.stdout)
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
@@ -486,7 +484,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
   }
 
   async tryClean(): Promise<boolean> {
-    const output = await this.execGit(['clean', '-ffdx'], true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(['clean', '-ffdx'], {allowAllExitCodes: true})
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
 
@@ -501,7 +499,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
         '--unset-all',
         configKey
       ],
-      true
+      {allowAllExitCodes: true}
     )
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
@@ -520,14 +518,14 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     args.push('--unset', configKey, configValue)
 
-    const output = await this.execGit(args, true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(args, {allowAllExitCodes: true})
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
 
   async tryDisableAutomaticGarbageCollection(): Promise<boolean> {
     const output = await this.execGit(
       ['config', '--local', 'gc.auto', '0'],
-      true
+      {allowAllExitCodes: true}
     )
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
@@ -535,7 +533,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
   async tryGetFetchUrl(): Promise<string> {
     const output = await this.execGit(
       ['config', '--local', '--get', 'remote.origin.url'],
-      true
+      {allowAllExitCodes: true}
     )
 
     if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
@@ -563,7 +561,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     args.push('--get-all', configKey)
 
-    const output = await this.execGit(args, true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(args, {allowAllExitCodes: true})
 
     if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
       return []
@@ -588,7 +586,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     }
     args.push('--name-only', '--get-regexp', pattern)
 
-    const output = await this.execGit(args, true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(args, {allowAllExitCodes: true})
 
     if (output.exitCode !== 0) {
       return []
@@ -601,7 +599,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
   }
 
   async tryReset(): Promise<boolean> {
-    const output = await this.execGit(['reset', '--hard', 'HEAD'], true)
+    const output = await this.execGit(['reset', '--hard', 'HEAD'], {allowAllExitCodes: true})
     return output.exitCode === 0
   }
 
@@ -609,10 +607,23 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     return this.gitVersion
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Sets the timeout for network git operations.
+   * @param timeoutSeconds Timeout in seconds. 0 disables the timeout.
+   */
   setTimeout(timeoutSeconds: number): void {
+    if (timeoutSeconds < 0) {
+      throw new Error(`Timeout must be non-negative, got ${timeoutSeconds}`)
+    }
     this.timeoutMs = timeoutSeconds * 1000
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Configures retry behavior for network git operations.
+   * @param maxAttempts Total attempts including the initial one. Must be >= 1.
+   * @param minBackoffSeconds Minimum backoff between retries. Must be <= maxBackoffSeconds.
+   * @param maxBackoffSeconds Maximum backoff between retries.
+   */
   setRetryConfig(
     maxAttempts: number,
     minBackoffSeconds: number,
@@ -641,13 +652,42 @@ class GitCommandManager {
 
   private async execGit(
     args: string[],
-    allowAllExitCodes = false,
+    options: {
-    silent = false,
+      allowAllExitCodes?: boolean
-    customListeners = {},
+      silent?: boolean
-    timeoutMs = 0
+      customListeners?: {}
+      timeoutMs?: number
+    } = {}
   ): Promise<GitOutput> {
+    const {
+      allowAllExitCodes = false,
+      silent = false,
+      customListeners = {},
+      timeoutMs = 0
+    } = options
+
     fshelper.directoryExistsSync(this.workingDirectory, true)
 
+    // Use child_process.spawn directly when timeout is set,
+    // so we can kill the process on timeout and avoid orphaned git processes.
+    // Note: customListeners are not supported in the timeout path.
+    if (timeoutMs > 0) {
+      if (
+        customListeners &&
+        Object.keys(customListeners).length > 0
+      ) {
+        core.debug(
+          'customListeners are not supported with timeoutMs and will be ignored'
+        )
+      }
+      return await this.execGitWithTimeout(
+        args,
+        timeoutMs,
+        silent,
+        allowAllExitCodes
+      )
+    }
+
     const result = new GitOutput()
 
     const env = {}
@@ -667,7 +707,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     const mergedListeners = {...defaultListener, ...customListeners}
 
     const stdout: string[] = []
-    const options = {
+    const execOptions = {
       cwd: this.workingDirectory,
       env,
       silent,
@@ -675,27 +715,7 @@ class GitCommandManager {
       listeners: mergedListeners
     }
 
-    const execPromise = exec.exec(`"${this.gitPath}"`, args, options)
+    result.exitCode = await exec.exec(`"${this.gitPath}"`, args, execOptions)
-
-    if (timeoutMs > 0) {
-      let timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>
-      const timeoutPromise = new Promise<never>((_, reject) => {
-        timer = global.setTimeout(() => {
-          reject(
-            new Error(
-              `Git operation timed out after ${timeoutMs / 1000} seconds: git ${args.slice(0, 3).join(' ')}...`
-            )
-          )
-        }, timeoutMs)
-      })
-      try {
-        result.exitCode = await Promise.race([execPromise, timeoutPromise])
-      } finally {
-        clearTimeout(timer!)
-      }
-    } else {
-      result.exitCode = await execPromise
-    }
 
     result.stdout = stdout.join('')
 
@@ -705,6 +725,134 @@ class GitCommandManager {
     return result
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Executes a git command with a timeout. Uses child_process.spawn directly
+   * (instead of @actions/exec) so we can kill the process on timeout and
+   * terminate it cleanly. Does not support customListeners.
+   */
+  private async execGitWithTimeout(
+    args: string[],
+    timeoutMs: number,
+    silent: boolean,
+    allowAllExitCodes: boolean
+  ): Promise<GitOutput> {
+    const result = new GitOutput()
+
+    const env: {[key: string]: string} = {}
+    for (const key of Object.keys(process.env)) {
+      env[key] = process.env[key] as string
+    }
+    for (const key of Object.keys(this.gitEnv)) {
+      env[key] = this.gitEnv[key]
+    }
+
+    const stdout: string[] = []
+    const stderr: string[] = []
+
+    return new Promise<GitOutput>((resolve, reject) => {
+      const child = spawn(this.gitPath, args, {
+        cwd: this.workingDirectory,
+        env,
+        stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe']
+      })
+
+      child.stdout?.on('data', (data: Buffer) => {
+        stdout.push(data.toString())
+      })
+
+      if (child.stderr) {
+        child.stderr.on('data', (data: Buffer) => {
+          stderr.push(data.toString())
+          if (!silent) {
+            process.stderr.write(data)
+          }
+        })
+      }
+
+      let settled = false
+      let timedOut = false
+      let forceKillTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined
+
+      const cleanup = (): void => {
+        clearTimeout(timer)
+        if (forceKillTimer) {
+          clearTimeout(forceKillTimer)
+        }
+      }
+
+      const timer = global.setTimeout(() => {
+        timedOut = true
+        // SIGTERM first, then force SIGKILL after 5 seconds.
+        // On Windows, SIGTERM is equivalent to a forced kill, so
+        // the SIGKILL fallback is effectively a no-op there.
+        child.kill('SIGTERM')
+        forceKillTimer = global.setTimeout(() => {
+          try {
+            child.kill('SIGKILL')
+          } catch (killErr) {
+            core.debug(
+              `Failed to SIGKILL git process: ${killErr}`
+            )
+          }
+        }, 5000)
+        if (forceKillTimer.unref) {
+          forceKillTimer.unref()
+        }
+      }, timeoutMs)
+
+      child.on('close', (code: number | null) => {
+        if (settled) return
+        settled = true
+        cleanup()
+
+        if (timedOut) {
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              `Git operation timed out after ${timeoutMs / 1000} seconds: git ${args.slice(0, 3).join(' ')}...`
+            )
+          )
+          return
+        }
+
+        // null code means killed by signal (e.g. OOM killer, external SIGTERM)
+        if (code === null) {
+          const stderrText = stderr.join('').trim()
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              `The process 'git' was killed by a signal` +
+                (stderrText ? `\n${stderrText}` : '')
+            )
+          )
+          return
+        }
+
+        if (code !== 0 && !allowAllExitCodes) {
+          const stderrText = stderr.join('').trim()
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              `The process 'git' failed with exit code ${code}` +
+                (stderrText ? `\n${stderrText}` : '')
+            )
+          )
+          return
+        }
+
+        result.exitCode = code
+        result.stdout = stdout.join('')
+        core.debug(result.exitCode.toString())
+        core.debug(result.stdout)
+        resolve(result)
+      })
+
+      child.on('error', (err: Error) => {
+        if (settled) return
+        settled = true
+        cleanup()
+        reject(err)
+      })
+    })
+  }
+
   private async initializeCommandManager(
     workingDirectory: string,
     lfs: boolean,

src/git-source-settings.ts

@@ -120,20 +120,19 @@ export interface IGitSourceSettings {
   githubServerUrl: string | undefined
 
   /**
-   * Timeout in seconds for each network git operation attempt (fetch, lfs-fetch, ls-remote).
+   * Timeout in seconds for each network git operation attempt (e.g. fetch, lfs-fetch, ls-remote).
-   * 0 means no timeout. Similar to Kubernetes probe timeoutSeconds.
+   * 0 means no timeout.
    */
   timeout: number
 
   /**
-   * Maximum number of retry attempts for failed network git operations.
+   * Total number of attempts for each network git operation (including the initial attempt).
-   * Similar to Kubernetes probe failureThreshold.
+   * For example, 3 means one initial attempt plus up to 2 retries.
    */
   retryMaxAttempts: number
 
   /**
    * Minimum backoff time in seconds between retry attempts.
-   * Similar to Kubernetes probe periodSeconds.
    */
   retryMinBackoff: number
 

src/input-helper.ts

@@ -161,35 +161,51 @@ export async function getInputs(): Promise<IGitSourceSettings> {
   result.githubServerUrl = core.getInput('github-server-url')
   core.debug(`GitHub Host URL = ${result.githubServerUrl}`)
 
-  // Timeout (per-attempt, like k8s timeoutSeconds)
+  // Timeout per network operation attempt
-  result.timeout = Math.floor(Number(core.getInput('timeout') || '300'))
+  const timeoutInput = core.getInput('timeout')
+  result.timeout = Math.floor(Number(timeoutInput !== '' ? timeoutInput : '300'))
   if (isNaN(result.timeout) || result.timeout < 0) {
+    core.warning(
+      `Invalid value '${timeoutInput}' for 'timeout' input. Using default: 300 seconds.`
+    )
     result.timeout = 300
   }
   core.debug(`timeout = ${result.timeout}`)
 
-  // Retry max attempts (like k8s failureThreshold)
+  // Retry max attempts (total attempts including initial)
+  const retryMaxAttemptsInput = core.getInput('retry-max-attempts')
   result.retryMaxAttempts = Math.floor(
-    Number(core.getInput('retry-max-attempts') || '3')
+    Number(retryMaxAttemptsInput !== '' ? retryMaxAttemptsInput : '3')
   )
   if (isNaN(result.retryMaxAttempts) || result.retryMaxAttempts < 1) {
+    core.warning(
+      `Invalid value '${retryMaxAttemptsInput}' for 'retry-max-attempts' input. Using default: 3.`
+    )
     result.retryMaxAttempts = 3
   }
   core.debug(`retry max attempts = ${result.retryMaxAttempts}`)
 
-  // Retry backoff (like k8s periodSeconds, but as a min/max range)
+  // Retry backoff range
+  const retryMinBackoffInput = core.getInput('retry-min-backoff')
   result.retryMinBackoff = Math.floor(
-    Number(core.getInput('retry-min-backoff') || '10')
+    Number(retryMinBackoffInput !== '' ? retryMinBackoffInput : '10')
   )
   if (isNaN(result.retryMinBackoff) || result.retryMinBackoff < 0) {
+    core.warning(
+      `Invalid value '${retryMinBackoffInput}' for 'retry-min-backoff' input. Using default: 10 seconds.`
+    )
     result.retryMinBackoff = 10
   }
   core.debug(`retry min backoff = ${result.retryMinBackoff}`)
 
+  const retryMaxBackoffInput = core.getInput('retry-max-backoff')
   result.retryMaxBackoff = Math.floor(
-    Number(core.getInput('retry-max-backoff') || '20')
+    Number(retryMaxBackoffInput !== '' ? retryMaxBackoffInput : '20')
   )
   if (isNaN(result.retryMaxBackoff) || result.retryMaxBackoff < 0) {
+    core.warning(
+      `Invalid value '${retryMaxBackoffInput}' for 'retry-max-backoff' input. Using default: 20 seconds.`
+    )
     result.retryMaxBackoff = 20
   }
   if (result.retryMaxBackoff < result.retryMinBackoff) {